Analysis of the fatty acid composition of Achillea micranthoides Klok. et Krytzka

Abstract

Taking into account the tendency to increase such a metabolic disorder as type II diabetes mellitus, especially in the elderly, and its dangerous consequences – atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease), cerebrovascular disease), high mortality rate due to these pathologies, the search for medicines for both prevention and complex treatment of a number of cardiovascular diseases remains relevant. The use of polyunsaturated fatty acids is promising, as they have a wide range of biological effects in the body, in particular, they help to reduce cholesterol, blood pressure, improve blood circulation, participate in the synthesis of prostaglandins, etc. Therefore, the search for new plant sources containing polyunsaturated fatty acids is an urgent task of modern pharmaceutical science in order to create effective medicines. The aim of the study – to investigate the qualitative composition and quantitative content of fatty acids of grass Achillea micranthoides Klok. et Krytzka using the gas chromatography (GC-MS) method. As a result, 13 fatty acids were found in the lipophilic extract of the studied raw material, polyunsaturated fatty acids predominate in the quantitative ratio, among which a significant part is linoleic acid – (29.71 ± 2.68)%, oleic acid – (26.67 ± 0.28)% and linolenic acid – (6.52 ± 0.28) %. The results obtained allow us to recommend the raw materials of Achillea micranthoides Klok. et Krytzka as plant sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids for the creation of effective medicines and dietary supplements based on them.