Antimicrobial activity of antiseptics Miramistin and Octenisept against gram-negative bacteria

Abstract

Injuries of various origins are a serious problem in medical practice, as they are often complicated by infections. The frequency of complications associated with contamination of the wound surface increases significantly in combat conditions. Colonization of the wound surface with antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms leads to a long stay of the patient in the hospital and requires increased costs for the treatment. To prevent infection of skin and soft tissue injuries, local antimicrobial agents are used – antiseptics. Their rational use can play an important role in the prevention of wound colonization and formation of biofilms on the wound surface. Among antiseptic agents, the quaternary ammonium compounds Octenisept and Miramistin deserve attention. Due to the long-term use of drugs in medical practice, the sensitivity of microorganisms may change over time. An assessment of the ability of drugs to prevent the formation of biofilms that contribute to the chronicity of the inflammatory process is relevant.
The aim of the study is to assess the sensitivity of planktonic cells and biofilms of gram-negative bacteria P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, and K. pneumoniae to the action of Miramistin and Octenisept.
The study was conducted in vitro using bacteria isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory processes. The study of antibacterial activity was carried out on planktonic cells and biofilms, with the
determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and biofilm biomass under the influence of drugs in subinhibitory concentrations. According to the results of the experiments, all clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and A. baumanii show moderate sensitivity to the action of Miramistin (MIC in the range from 18.5 μg/ml to 150.0 μg/ml). The most pronounced effect is observed against A. baumanii (from 0.78 μg/ml to 50.0 μg/ml). Clinical strains of Gram-negative bacteria showed marked sensitivity to the action of Octenisept, inhibition of bacterial growth was observed at dilutions from (1:2) to (>1:4096), depending on the test strain. The antibiofilm effect of Miramistin and Octenisept against P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae is recorded already at the initial stages of biofilm formation, which is due to impaired adhesion to the substrate. The effect of Octenisept against A. baumanii is most pronounced at the later stages of biofilm formation (16–24 hours). Thus, the antiseptic agents Miramistin and Octenisept are active against planktonic cells and biofilms formed by gram-negative bacteria, which are relevant in combat conditions. Their use in inhibitory concentrations can prevent colonization of the wound surface in injuries of various origins and chronicity of the inflammatory process.